war cross medal recipients

It is the only version of the Croix de Guerre still considered active, though it has not been presented since the Kosovo War in 1999. However, many may not know that several unidentified. [2], Awards are announced in The London Gazette, apart from most honorary awards to allied forces in keeping with the usual practice not to gazette awards to foreigners.[8]. March's successor, General of the Armies John J. Pershing, received a Distinguished Service Cross in 1941 for bravery during the Philippine Insurrection. 13.296 "D", dated February 7, 1919, General Headquarters, French armies of the East with the following citation: "On October 4, 1918 near Somme-Py, he carried messages under a violent bombardment with the greatest contempt for danger and a bravery which was worthy of all praise rendering valuable service to his battallion commander." When World War II broke out in 1939, a new Croix de Guerre was created by douard Daladier. Future Governor of American Samoa Otto Dowling received the cross for displaying bravery while responding to a fire at Lake Denmark Powder Depot, which he commanded at the time. Welborn G. Dolvin, decorated as a lieutenant colonel with the 25th Infantry Division, rose to lieutenant general. NSN 8455-00-253-0808. Lloyd L. "Scooter" Burke, a lieutenant with the 1st Cavalry Division, Benjamin F. Wilson, a master sergeant with the 7th Infantry Division, Lewis Millett, a captain with the 27th Infantry Regiment and Air Force fighter ace George A. Davis Jr., each earned both the Medal of Honor and the Distinguished Service Cross in Korea. This topic covers the stories of WWII Medal of Honor recipients. Among these, besides DePuy and Cavazos, were Paul F. Gorman, who later commanded the U.S. Southern Command; Robert C. Kingston, the first commander-in-chief of U.S. Central Command; James J. Lindsay, who later commanded the U.S. Special Operations Command; Timothy J. Grogan,[27] who later served as the deputy chief of staff for doctrine at the Army's Training and Doctrine Command at Fort Monroe; and Louis C. Menetrey, who wore three hats as Commander, United Nations Command, R.O.K./U.S. This. A unit, usually a regiment or a battalion, is always mentioned at the army level. First Lieutenant Oscar B. Nelson of the 168th Infantry Regiment, 42nd Division, was honored three times, the third award being posthumous.[11]. [15], The Military Cross was designed by Henry Farnham Burke,[16][17] while its ribbon was created by Victoria Ponsonby, Baroness Sysonby. The MC is now the third-level award for all ranks of the British Armed Forces for "exemplary gallantry" on land, not to the standard required to receive the Victoria Cross (for "the most conspicuous bravery") or the Conspicuous Gallantry Cross. later upgraded to Medal of Honor, African American soldier in WWI. The sculptor Paul-Andr Bartholom created the medal, a bronze cross with swords, showing the effigy of the republic. The 2nd Battalion Devonshire Regiment of the British Army along with 5 Battery RA were awarded the French Croix de Guerre with palm for its gallant defence of Bois des Buttes on 27 May 1918, the first day of the Third Battle of the Aisne. Commanded the 1st Infantry Division and V Corps during World War II. Gouvy is midway between St. Vith and Bastogne. a seventh Oak Leaf was later upgraded to the Medal of Honor, Army Chief of Staff and NATO Supreme Allied Commander. In a number of cases, an award of the Distinguished Service Cross has later been revoked. Crandall's Distinguished Service Cross was later upgraded to the Medal of Honor, which was presented to him in February 2007. Current as of: July 7, 2022 Throughout history, some Airmen were awarded the Army Distinguished Service Cross. Soldiers of the US Army 509th Parachute Infantry Regiment "Geronimos" were awarded the Croix de Guerre with Silver Star, For Service in the Southern France campaign. The names which are preceded by an asterisk denote posthumous awards. The French Croix de guerre des TOE was created in 1921 for wars fought in theatres of operation outside France. Guy S. Meloy went on to command the 82nd Airborne. Initially, Pharris was awarded the Navy Cross for his actions on December 7. [13], Among the recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross for Siberia and North Russia were Robert L. Eichelberger, who would earn a second medal in World War II, and Sidney C. Graves, who had previously received a Distinguished Service Cross in World War I. Three marines earned both the Navy Cross and the Army Distinguished Service Cross in Korea: Homer Litzenberg, Raymond Murray, and Marine Corps legend Lewis B. It is then displayed on the unit's flag. [17] In the Medal Yearbook 2015 it is described as follows: [18] 46 mm maximum height, 44 mm maximum width. Foreign Decorations. A handful of men who had received the Distinguished Service Cross in World War I received a second in World War II. Pages in category "Recipients of the Military Cross" The following 200 pages are in this category, out of approximately 2,078 total. [5] Embury made the modifications with the plaster model for the second (and current) version made by John R. Sinnock, who also sculpted various other medals, including the Purple Heart.[6]. It is not intended to be an exhaustive listing of all recipients. "Chesty" Puller had previously earned four Navy Crosses in Nicaragua and World War II, while Murray was awarded the Army Distinguished Service Cross for extraordinary heroism in the 1st Marine Division's historic breakout from the Chosin Reservoir area to the sea at Hamhung, and two days later took part in the action which earned him his second Navy Cross. It was abolished by Vichy Government in 1941, which created a new Croix de Guerre. It was first created in 1915 and consists of a square-cross medal on two crossed swords, hanging from a ribbon with various degree pins. Photograph Museum of Honor. A "de-Nazified" version of the War Merit Cross was reissued in 1957 by the Bundeswehr for its veterans. Marine Gunner Henry L. Hulbert, also a recipient of the Navy Medal of Honor in the Philippines, received the Distinguished Service Cross for bravery while serving with the 5th Marine Regiment during the Battle of Belleau Wood. [11] Naval officers serving with the division received 140 MCs and eight second award bars. The following 200 pages are in this category, out of approximately 2,078 total. Among Distinguished Service Cross recipients for valor in the early battles in Vietnam were four members of the 1st Cavalry Division decorated for valor in the Battle of Ia Drang Valley in November 1965 Lt. Col. Hal Moore, Major Bruce Crandall and two other members of their unit. Distinguished Service Cross (United States), Homeland Security Distinguished Service Medal, Category:Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United States), Awards and decorations of the United States Army, Non-U.S. recipients of U.S. gallantry awards, Puerto Rican recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross, "Army Regulation 600822 Military Awards", "Centennial of honor: Silver Star, Distinguished Service Cross mark a milestone", "Mainer joins elite crew of Medal for Valor recipient", "Personal Decorations Distinguished Service Cross", Office of the Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army, "Order of precedence by category of medal", "Jeannette Guyot, Free French agent obituary", "Army General Charles Billingslea dies at 75", "Ray Gallagher's Accounts of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki Missions", "Chapter VI: Tactical Refinements And Innovations", "Rare military ceremony at JBER for Service Cross recipient", Distinguished Service Cross Recipients, Afghanistan, 2001-present, Distinguished Service Cross Recipients, Iraq, 2003-2011, "Delta Force commando awarded second-highest military honor for Benghazi rescue", "Delta Force Marine awarded Navy Cross for fight at CIA annex in Benghazi", "Department of the Army General Order No. a silver-gilt (gold) palm for those who had been mentioned at the. World War II was a global military conflict.It is also called Second World War.It was the joining of what started off as two separate conflicts. This page was last edited on 13 June 2023, at 21:27. Description The Military Cross was designed by Henry Farnham Burke, [16] [17] while its ribbon was created by Victoria Ponsonby, Baroness Sysonby. The Croix reinstated and modified an older system of mentions in dispatches, which were only administrative honours with no medal accompanying them. Note: Only members of the above named USMC units, including attached Navy personnel, are authorized to wear the French Fourragre for their unit's service during WW I as the 4th Marine Brigade, of the US Army 2d Infantry Division, I Corps, US First Army, AEF: Albert J Perron (World War I) 5724, private, Awarded French Croix de Guerre with palm, order no. Father John B. DeValles, chaplain (first lieutenant), known as the Angel of the Trenches for administering to the needs of both Allied and German soldiers. Army Air Forces Lieutenant Colonel John C. Meyer, Major General James A. The Croix de Guerre takes precedence between the Ordre national du Mrite and the Croix de la Valeur Militaire, the World War I Croix being senior to the World War II one, itself senior to the TOE Croix. That final head-wound in the eye socket, exiting at the temple near the ear, knocked him unconscious, and after being left for dead and waking later in the day near sunset, covered in blood, he walked back to U.S. lines and took two German prisoners while enroute. John W. Vessey Jr., decorated for valor during Operation Junction City in March 1967, rose to become Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, retiring in 1985. Lt. "The Military Cross, Royal Warrant of 25th June, 1917, amending the Third Clause of The Military Cross Warrant of 23rd August, 1916", War Office 3 July 1917. These croix are now illegal under French law and wearing them is outlawed: The Croix was created by a law of April 2, 1915, proposed by French deputy mile Briant. For their key roles during World War I, the cities of, The first posthumous Military Cross was that awarded to Captain, The first woman to be awarded the Military Cross was Private, This page was last edited on 30 June 2023, at 03:14. Awarded the French Croix de Guerre. [38] In 2001, the Army officially revoked 21 awards of the Distinguished Service Cross and one of the Silver Star to Asian-American soldiers, mostly Japanese-American, whose awards were upgraded to the Medal of Honor. The Croix de Guerre was also commonly bestowed on foreign military forces allied to France.[1]. [3] The 369th Infantry Regiment, known as the Harlem Hellfighters by the Germans they killed, were as a unit awarded this medal. "I am proud to decorate the flag of a nation which has come to aid in the fight for liberty." The commander of Easy Company of the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, U.S. 101st Airborne Division, Richard Winters, received a Distinguished Service Cross for his role in the assault on Brecourt Manor on D-Day; a member of the 502nd Parachute Infantry Regiment, U.S. 101st Airborne Division, Harrison C. Summers received a Distinguished Service Cross for his role on the assault to capture a building complex nearby designated "WXYZ" on the field order map. 220222. Later, the Department of Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1996 provided for a "Review Regarding Upgrading of Distinguished-Service Crosses and Navy Crosses Awarded to Asian-Americans and Native American Pacific Islanders for World War II Service" and the National Defense Authorization Act for 2002 provided for a "Review Regarding Award of Medal of Honor to Certain Jewish American and Hispanic American War Veterans". Korean War Distinguished Service Cross recipient First Lieutenant Richard E. Cavazos would earn a second Distinguished Service Cross in Vietnam and rise to full general, becoming the first Hispanic-American four-star general. There were just over 1,000 awards in the Vietnam War, almost 400 of which were posthumous. Although originally awarded for both combat and non-combat heroism, the Medal . Prior to the creation of the Air Force Cross in 1960, airmen were awarded the Distinguished Service Cross. Charles F. Irving, 2LT. Among the 14 foreign recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross in the Korean War was Sinasi Sukan (inasi Skan), a captain with 3rd Brigade Turkish Army who has lost his leg during Vegas War, Kenneth Muir, a major with the 1st Battalion, Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders, British Army, who also posthumously received the Victoria Cross. There are over 1,700 recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross, Navy Cross, and Air Force Cross during the Vietnam War. [6] In 1979, the Queen approved a proposal that a number of awards, including the Military Cross, could be recommended posthumously. Legislation in 1915 made naval officers eligible for the award. Upon transfer from the unit the individual is no longer authorized to wear the fourragre. [7], The award was created on 28 December 1914 for commissioned officers of the substantive rank of captain or below and for warrant officers. Russell Roach, American corporal of A Company, Major Edward Cecil Scott, A Battery Commander, 5 Canadian Anti-Tank Regiment, for actions taken during the Battle of the Falaise Pocket, James Tracey, 3191945 Private in the 6th (Border) Battalion -, Jack M. Greener, Medic, K Company - 409th Regiment (103rd Infantry). After the Second World War, most Commonwealth countries created their own honours system and no longer recommended British awards. Individual foreign awards can be checked through foreign government (France) military records. By the end of the conflict it was issued in four degrees and had an equivalent civil award. They can be found here: U.S. Air Force Recipients of the Army Distinguished. Shelton. The War Merit Medal was a round bronzed medal that featured a War Merit Cross without swords on the obverse and the phrase "Fur Kriegsverdienst" (for war merit) on the reverse. Australian recipients of the Military Cross, Canadian recipients of the Military Cross, New Zealand recipients of the Military Cross, Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis, Wentworth Beaumont, 2nd Viscount Allendale, Prince Antnio Gasto of Orlans-Braganza, Keith Arbuthnott, 15th Viscount of Arbuthnott, Harold Balfour, 1st Baron Balfour of Inchrye, Robert Appleby Bartram (British Army officer), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Recipients_of_the_Military_Cross&oldid=1001424421, This page was last edited on 19 January 2021, at 16:43. Veterans must provide proof of service in the unit cited at the time of action in order to be entitled to the award. Regarding the United States in WWI, on April 10, 12, and 13, 1918, the lines being held by the troops of the 104th Infantry Regiment, of the 26th "Yankee" Division, in Bois Brl, near Apremont in the Ardennes, were heavily bombarded and attacked by the Germans. Born in Maywood, Illinois died Long Beach, California. Olinto M. Barsanti went on to command the 101st Airborne in Vietnam. The Merit Cross for War Aid ( German: Verdienstkreuz fr Kriegshilfe) was a war decoration of Prussia awarded during World War I. Instituted 5 December 1916, the cross was awarded for patriotic war aid service, without regard to status or rank. [3], In June 1917, eligibility was extended to temporary majors, not above the substantive rank of captain. The most recent Medal of Honor awarded to a Marine was for gallantry in action during the war in Vietnam. Major General Keith L. Ware, who had earned the Medal of Honor in World War II and who was killed in action in September 1968, received a posthumous Distinguished Service Cross. On the reverse side, the center of the cross is circled by a wreath with a space for engraving the name of the recipient. The 1973 National Archives Fire destroyed most of the World War II personnel records which are needed to verify a veteran's entitlement to the Croix de Guerre award. [19], General Paul W. Tibbets, commander of the 509th Composite Group (509 CG), was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross by General Spaatz for piloting the Enola Gay, the B-29 Superfortress plane which dropped the first nuclear bomb on Hiroshima.[20][21]. Four Silver Stars and three Purple Hearts. Several other British Army battalions would receive the award before the end of the war. First Lieutenant James B. McConnell, also decorated with the Medal of Honor for actions in the Philippines as a private with the 33rd Infantry, received the Distinguished Service Cross posthumously as a first lieutenant with the 4th Infantry Regiment, 3rd Division. These lists are amended regularly as new recipient names are acquired from official and unofficial sources. He was the subject of the narrative "The General Goes Zapping Charlie Cong". A total of 2,930 were awarded to Australians, in addition to 188 first bars and four second bars. Following World War II there have been: Over 5,000 Distinguished Service Cross recipients from all branches of the United States military, General John J. Pershing, Commander-in-Chief of the Expeditionary Forces in France, had recommended that recognition other than the Medal of Honor be authorized for the United States Army for valorous service rendered in like manner to that awarded by the European Armies. In addition, a number of awards were bestowed for actions which took place before World War I. Army Regulation (AR) 670-1, governing the wear and appearance of army uniforms and insignia,[7] and its associated guide[8] specify that the Distinguished Service Cross appears second in the order of precedence of U.S. military decorations, preceded only by the Medal of Honor. The actions of all four were later portrayed in the film "We Were Soldiers", based on Hal Moore's book on the battle. This list may not reflect recent changes. Ribbon bar denoting a further award is plain silver, with a crown in the centre. The 509th Unit colors bear the Streamer embroidered "MUY EN PROVENCE". He was also awarded the Purple Heart and two wound stripes, and medals for Chateau Theirry COTE-204, the Ainse Defensive Sector (with 4 stars), and the 2nd Division Regulars, U.S. Army. Among these were George S. Patton Jr., whose second Distinguished Service Cross came as commanding general of the Seventh Army in Sicily, and Fred L. Walker, commander of the U.S. 36th Infantry Division in the breakout from Anzio and advance on Rome. Besides Hollingsworth and Tackaberry, eleven other soldiers earned two Distinguished Service Crosses in Vietnam. Korean War Distinguished Service Cross recipient Ralph Puckett Jr. would also receive a second Distinguished Service Cross in Vietnam in command of a battalion of the 101st Airborne Division. This will bring up your browser's "Find" function, where you can enter the last name of an individual and skip to them on the list. He founded the first Portuguese parochial school at the Espirito Santo Church in Fall River, Massachusetts. James F. Hollingsworth, who received a Distinguished Service Cross in April 1945 as commander of 2nd Battalion, 67th Armored Regiment, received a second award in November 1966 as assistant division commander of the 1st Infantry Division, and a third in March 1967 as acting division commander of the 1st Infantry Division. Hoyte C. Evans, "Kitchener and the Military Cross". In an impressive ceremony occurring in a field near Boucq on April 28, 1918, the 104th Infantry's regimental flag was decorated with the Croix de Guerre by French General Fenelon F.G. Passaga. One of the earliest such cases involves one of the most famous American soldiers of World War I, Alvin York, who initially received a Distinguished Service Cross which was upgraded to the Medal of Honor. Read here of the deeds of these brave heroes and do not forget them! Several men who had previously received the Medal of Honor received the Distinguished Service Cross in World War I. [3] Members of the 440th AAA AW Battalion (Anti-Aircraft Artillery - Automatic Weapons) of the U.S. Army also received the Croix de Guerre avec Palme (unit award) for stopping the German Ardennes counter-offensive in holding the town of Gouvy, Belgium for 4.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}12 days at the beginning of the Battle of the Bulge on December 16, 1944. The Croix de Guerre (French:[kwa d ], Cross of War) is a military decoration of France. Upon arrival at the first friendly machine gun emplacement, he collapsed and was evacuated to a field hospital. United States Senator and chairman of the. The decoration was first awarded during World War I, again in World War II, and in other conflicts; the croix de guerre des thtres d'oprations extrieures ("cross of war for external theatres of operations") was established in 1921 for these. Ralph Chamberlain, returned on two separate occasions to an active mine field to rescue several badly injured soldiers. Wearing of the decoration is considered ceremonial only and it is not entered as an official military individual or unit award in the service member's permanent service records. 24 Award of the Distinguished Service Cross Revocation", Distinguished Service Cross (United States Army), Distinguished Service Cross Recipients, World War I, 19171918, US Army Institute of Heraldry: Distinguished Service Cross, Home of Heroes page on the Distinguished Service Cross, Military Times Hall of Valor, Distiniguished Service Cross, DSC Database Database of all DSC recipients, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distinguished_Service_Cross_(United_States)&oldid=1160005353. French Croix de Guerre with bronze star, under Order No. The Distinguished Service Cross is only awarded for actions in combat, while the Distinguished Service Medal has no such restriction. [2], In World War II, the 320th Bombardment Group received the Croix de Guerre avec Palme for action in preparation for and in support of Allied offensive operations in central Italy, AprilJune 1944. Ed. Other foreign recipients came from the Belgian, British, French, Greek, Philippine, South Korean and Turkish armies. ", "Last Word: Jimmy Greaves (pictured), Sir Clive Sinclair, Olivia Jordan, Carolyn Shoemaker, 6.57 - 14.02 minutes", "NARA - AAD - Display Full Records - Electronic Army Serial Number Merged File, ca. When a unit is mentioned twice, it is awarded the fourragre of the Croix de Guerre. 1st Lt. Joseph G. Clemons Jr. for his actions during the Pork Chop Hill, he would later command the 198th Infantry Brigade in the Vietnam War and Master Sergeant Juan E. Negrn on 1951, from 65th Infantry Regiment (United States), upgraded to Medal of Honor on 2014 by President Barack Obama. Country: Great Britain, Canada. Commissioned officers with the rank of Captain or below or Warrant Officer were eligible for the award. [17], In the Medal Yearbook 2015 it is described as follows:[18]. "I am proud to decorate the flag of a regiment which has shown such fortitude and courage," he said. The MC is granted in recognition of "an act or acts of exemplary gallantry during active operations against the enemy on land" to all members of the British Armed Forces of any rank.
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