2nd maine infantry regiment

The regiment was also present for the Union defeat at the Battle of Chancellorsville, and were mustered out of service one month later. Little Round Top was left uncovered. The regiment would not have shipped so soon to Washington, D.C. without drawing upon existing militia companies and those had almost disappeared. Maine. The Union had lost 4,000 men by that time and the town of Gettysburg itself but Meade quickly moved reinforcing divisions onto the high ground south of Gettysburg. Dr. Augustus Choate Hamlin (nephew to Vice President Hannibal Hamlin) wrote Adjutant General Hodsdon from Bangor on April 18 seeking the appointment of Recruiting Officer and offering to use a local gymnasium as his office. Capt. It had been Chamberlains idea to elevate Tozier to the post of color sergeant for the 20th Maine, a move designed to instill a new esprit de corps in the mutineers. The Mainers were not displeased, though, finding the balmy May air. A list of the important battles in which it was engaged includes the First and Second Bull Run, Hall's Hill, Yorktown, Hanover Court House, Gaines' Mill, Malvern Hill, Antietam, Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville. On 13 April 1917, elements of the 1st New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry were merged into the 2nd Maine to create the 103rd Infantry Regiment. Most of the soldiers had enlisted for two years, but those who'd enlisted for three were sent to the 20th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment to finish their wartime service. Attached to 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, 6th Army Corps, Armies of the Shenandoah and Potomac, to June, 1865. Company K probably did not delay since the right side of the regiment was not experiencing heavy fire at the time. On May 23, 1863, 120 three-year enlistees from the 2nd Maine Infantry were marched under guard into the regimental area of the 20th Maine. From The Union Army, Vol. The 20th Maine had been organized under President Abraham Lincolns second call for troops on July 2, 1862. 2, 353, Tagged as 2nd Maine Infantry, Brian Swartz, maine militia, militia, Northern recruiting, Recruiting-160, Recruiting-The-Regiment. The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Major General J.E.B. Sixty-six claimed their time had expired, became insubordinate, and were sentenced to Tortugas; but this sentence was later commuted to a transfer to the 2nd N. Y., where they served about a year and then returned and served faithfully with the regiment for the remainder of the term. Retreat from the Peninsula and movement to Centreville August 16-27. Also helping to defend Little Round Top were Major Homer R. Stoughtons 2nd U.S. Sharpshooters, armed with .52-caliber breechloading rifles. One story is that he screamed: Bayonet! Robert E. Lee, with his eerie sense of a battlefield, was hastily assembling a force to attack the Union left, but it would take him the greater part of the day to get his men ready to strike. At Harrison Landing till August 15. Warwick Road and near Lees Mills, Battle of Peach Orchard and Savage Station, Major Chaplin was transferred to the newly formed, Retreat from the Peninsula and movement to Centreville, Ordered home. In 1967, the 20th Armor converted to the 133rd Engineer Battalion, which now carries the lineage of the 103rd Infantry Regiment.[9]. Jameson's successor was Col. Charles W. Roberts of Bangor, who had a horse shot out from under him at the Second Battle of Bull Run. The regiment served on the Western Front and was one of the first National Guard units in combat during the war. Please enable JavaScript on your browser to best view this site. [4], Maine U.S. Volunteer Infantry Regiments 1861-1865. [6], The regiment lost 69 men killed in action or died of wounds received in battle and an additional 70 men died of disease and 15 men executed for mutiny. The 2nd, during its two years' term of service, saw much hard service and participated in eleven bloody and hard-fought battles, besides numerous skirmishes and scouting expeditions. The problem with becoming a legend is that deeds may become distorted inadvertently due to commercial profits, hero worship and the sheer passage of time. The first commander of the 2nd Maine was Col. Charles Davis Jameson, a lumber merchant from Old Town, who later became a brigadier general, was wounded in battle, and died of camp fever. Rain had started falling as the regiment crossed a Kenduskeag Stream bridge and marched to the Bangor train station. . Confederate reports showed that the Union company had been magnified into two regiments. This architecturally striking monument, one of. Later in life, Chamberlain wrote that his regiment was the first in line, but it actually took up its position last, curving its line back around to the east and forming the Union Armys extreme left flank. Co. 51, pt. [5] In 1959, the regiment converted from infantry to armored cavalry, becoming the 103d Armored Cavalry Regiment. Morrill led his unit at the decisive point of the bayonet charge without orders. Left State for Willetts Point, N.Y. under, Mustered into U.S. service for two and three years, Moved to Washington, D.C. and Camp on Meridian Hill. Can you list the top facts and stats about 2nd Maine Volunteer Infantry? The others were new companies. A veteran's desire to immortalize the 2nd Maine Infantry Regiment in bronze and stone finally bore fruit more than a century after the outfit left central Maine to help save the Union. Twenty-five-year-old Color Sgt. The mutineers claimed they had only enlisted to fight under the 2nd Maine flag, and if their flag went home, so should they. Stuart, directing Lees cavalry, had not returned to the main Southern column from his screening mission around the Union forces. [1], Bangor, a thriving lumber port on the tidal Penobscot River, supported two militia companies. For many years, historians and writers have given the lions share of the credit for the 20ths dramatic action on Little Round Top to Chamberlain. From there, they made their way to New York City. 1st Regiment Cavalry: 2nd Regiment Cavalry: 1st Regiment Heavy Artillery: 1st Battery Light Artillery "A" 2nd Battery Light Artillery "B" . It was an Army National Guard regiment from the states making up New England, but most of its soldiers came from Maine. Photo, Print, Drawing [Major Lewis P. Mudgett of Co. B, 2nd Maine Infantry Regiment, Co. H, 80th U.S. Just when the Federals were on the verge of collapse, Colonel Patrick ORorke led the 140th New York Zouaves into the gap to save Vincents brigade. In all 1,228 men were mustered in, of whom 275 returned and were mustered out; 120 were mustered in for three years and transferred to the 20th Me. 2nd Regiment, Maine Volunteer Infantry 3rd Regiment, Maine Volunteer Infantry 4 th Maine Infantry 5th Regiment, Maine Volunteer Infantry 6th Regiment, Maine Volunteer Infantry 7 th Maine Infantry 7 th Maine Regiment 8th Regiment, Maine Volunteer Infantry Civil War Service of 9 th Maine By law, however, the men still owed the Army another year of service. Both Vincent and ORorke paid with their lives for their heroism. Portland, Maines largest city, had five such companies, and the 1st Maine Infantry Regiment mustered there. On July 18, 1862, Capt. [14] Bangor Daily Whig and Courier, May 26 and May 27, 1863 issues. Advance on Manassas, Va., July 16-21. Companies A, B, C, D and I belonged to Col. Jameson's old command, and were reorganized for service in this regiment. That quickness led one writer to summarize, In the haste incident to enrolling troops and getting them to the front, many blunders were made, not only by the U.S. Government, but by the State authorities and men.[10] Soon after signing their 3-month papers, the soldiers in the 2nd Maine received word that the state legislature had passed resolutions calling for two year enlistments, which many soldiers willingly agreed to, and signed the corresponding paperwork. It never received a word of censure and invariably distinguished itself. There the 2nd Maine traded volleys with Confederate infantry. The two armies spent a restless night. Come on boys! Organized at Charleston, Va., by consolidation of the Veterans of the 5th, 6th and 7th Regiments of Maine Volunteer Infantry August 21, 1864. Late in the afternoon of July 2, 1863, on a boulder-strewn hillside in southern Pennsylvania, Union Colonel Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain dashed headlong into history, leading his 20th Maine Regiment in perhaps the most famous counterattack of the Civil War. The 1 st Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment was raised in Portland in 1861 out of existing companies of militia and was the first unit organized in Maine. Without the private stand of Sergeant Tozier inspiring others to close up and bolster the sagging middle of the regiment, the Confederate attacks could have eliminated the 20th Maine as a fighting force. . In all 1,228 men were mustered in, of whom 275 returned and were mustered out; 120 were mustered in for three years and transferred to the 20th Maine.[5]. Sign up for our quarterly email series highlighting the environmental benefits of battlefield preservation. The 2nd Regiment, Maine Infantry mustered in May 28, 1861 and organized at Bangor. The 20th Maine Infantry Regiment was a volunteer regiment of the United States Army ( Union Army) during the American Civil War (1861-1865), most famous for its defense of Little Round Top at the Battle of Gettysburg in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, July 1-3, 1863. These stories are refreshing diversions from the corps/division/ brigade centric tactical diet we often read. The regiment would not have shipped so soon to Washington, D.C. without drawing upon existing militia companies and those had almost disappeared. It served in the Peninsula Campaign and the Second Battle of Bull Run, both were also Union defeats. These sharpshooters skirmishing abilities were unequaled in the Union Army, and a 14-man squad was attached to Company B. Philippine Republic Presidential Unit Citation, https://www.armyupress.army.mil/Portals/7/combat-studies-institute/csi-books/to-the-last-man.pdf, "Maine Army National Guard About Us History World War II", "To the Last Man: The 103d Regimental Combat Team in the Pacific, 1942-1945 the Campaign for the National Museum of the United States Army", https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/eng/0133enbn.htm, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=103rd_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)&oldid=1093281668, This page was last edited on 15 June 2022, at 16:09. At Falmouth till April. Recruiting The Regiment: Conclusion | Emerging Civil War. Co. Sign up to receive the latest information on the American Battlefield Trust's efforts to blaze The Liberty Trail in South Carolina. with Tozier beside him and Chamberlain not far behind. Chancellorsville May 1-5. [7] The 103rd saw extensive and bloody combat at New Georgia and was sent to New Guinea to act as a reserve unit during the New Guinea Campaign, where it saw minor action as a supporting element. World War I When World War I began in Europe in August of 1914, the Maine National Guard principally consisted of 13 batteries of Coast Artillery and the 2nd Maine Infantry Regiment. The New England infantrymen did battle with the Japanese and the jungle alike, and many men fell to disease. [13] Whitman and True, 40; The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Vol. Moved to the Peninsula March. Colonel Patrick ORorke was also one of the heroes, as his 140th New York reinforced Vincents brigade and saved it from early defeat. Five of the ten companies of the regiment were raised in Bangor, including a Gymnasium Company, the Grattan Guards, and a company of Ex-Tigers (firemen). Some of the men became discontented three months after leaving the state from seeing three months' men from other states returning home. Coan said other officers joined Melcher in urging a forward movement. Daniel White of Bangor raised a new company which took its place in December of that year. Both Vincent and ORorke gave their lives at Gettysburg, and if not for those two men and others, Chamberlain probably would be remembered today as only a minor figure in a major Union disaster. Occupation of Fairfax C. H. July 17. Media in category "2nd Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment" The following 10 files are in this category, out of 10 total. Colonel Jameson received orders that the regiment was to start its journey for Washington on May 14. As they did, Colonel Jameson threw them into drill. The Japanese had ended all organized resistance but mopping up operations were conducted to root out stubborn stragglers. Gen. Gouverneur K. Warren, to assess the situation. Colonel Charles D. Jameson, 2nd Maine Infantry. It showed the stuff it was made of in its first battle at Bull Run. It was combined with the Department of the Shenandoah on August 17 and with the Department of Pennsylvania of August 24. In due time, they would become Company G of the 2nd Maine Infantry. On July 18, 1862, Capt. [3], When called into service for World War II, the 103rd became part of the 43rd Infantry Division, the "Winged Victory" Division. Chamberlain seemed to have been blessed with both good timing and luck. Chamberlain replied, Yes, I am about to order a right wheel forward of the whole regiment. In the movie "Gettysburg" some 120 mutineers from . 2nd Regiment Infantry: 3rd Regiment Infantry: 4th Regiment Infantry: 5th Regiment Infantry: 6th Regiment Infantry: 7th Regiment Infantry: Col. Jameson, the first volunteer and the first colonel in the field from Maine, was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers for gallantry displayed in this, his first battle. [1] Origin Mechanicsville June 26; Gaines' Mill June 27; Peach Orchard and Savage Station June 29; Turkey Bridge or Malvern Cliff June 30; Malvern Hill July 1. It was in New York City that the regiment had the first of its problems that threatened to derail their triumphant entry into the war. According to Confederate Colonel Oates, it was the surprise fire of Company B that caused the disastrous panic in his soldiers. Meanwhile, Meade also sensed something significant about the two adjacent hills to his left. Another crisis soon faced the Maine soldiers when the left side of the regiment drew even with the right, short of its planned position. [1] It organized at Bangor for three months' service. [11], With their quarantine finished and the enlistment fiasco settled (at least for the time being), the 2nd Maine continued its journey to Washington, D.C. To his utter chagrin, Warren found Little Round Top completely undefended. The length of its service was 2 years. It was raised within the limits of the first militia division of the state and was rendezvoused at Bangor. It was Cogswells understanding that the 2nd Maine was to sign three-year papers, not two. It was a part of the 26th Infantry Division and the 43rd Infantry Division. Toziers bravery sparked the 20th Maine and changed the course of the engagement. [12], A final gift awaited the 2nd Maine, and they received it just a day before the wars first big battle. Some take his deeds out of context, however, and mythologize him. In mid-morning on Sunday, July 21, the brigade crossed Bull Run at Farm Ford, and reached high ground north of the Warrenton Turnpike. Roberts commanded the regiment at Second Bull Run, having his horse shot from under . The 2nd Maine Infantry Regiment (also known as the Second Maine Regiment, Second Maine Infantry, or The Bangor Regiment) was a Union Army unit during the American Civil War. [3], When the regiment was mustered out in Bangor, huge crowds gathered to celebrate its return on Broadway, and a ceremony was held at Norumbega Hall downtown. Augustus farnham 2nd Maine Volunteer.jpg 483 410; 54 KB. . They then moved into the highlands region of the island and engaged the enemy in fighting that was often cave-to-cave. Able bodied men who wish to serve their country, can report themselves at the Taylor store Office, over Finsons Market, Mercantile Square, Bangor.[2], Bangor, a city of about 16,000 in 1861, offered so many soldiers and support in the creation of the 2nd Maine that it became known as the Bangor Regiment. Fully seven of the regiments ten companies all came from Bangor, with others coming from Brewer (just across the Penobscot River) and Castine. Chamberlain ordered the regiment to go on line by file. A similar artillery company existed at Milo, about 50 miles northwest of Bangor. Keyes later moved south, crossing the road to ascend Henry House Hill and attack the four-cannon Lynchburg Artillery, which was strongly posted, and supported by infantry and riflemen, sheltered by a building, a fence, and a hedge. Keyes said.[11]. . [1], The 2nd Maine was the first Civil War regiment to march out of the state, and was greeted with accolades by civilians as it made its way to Washington, D.C.[2] It engaged in "eleven bloody and hard-fought battles" including the First Battle of Bull Run, where it was the last regiment to leave the field, and Fredericksburg, where it took its greatest number of casualties. Most evidence indicates that Chamberlain ordered the charge, and Melcher was the first officer down the slopes. As the soldiers packed their gear, hundreds of relatives traveled to Bangor to say good-bye, and crowds overran Camp Washburn. 4, known as Amory) had formed the Ex-Tiger and Amory Associates before the war. The 34-year-old Chamberlain was one of the most interesting figures in the Civil War. Other companies were from Castine, Milo, and Old Town. At the Battle of Antietam on 17 September 1862, the 2nd Maine experienced its first victory, but this was to be short lived. "Mud March" January 20-24. Three-year men transferred to 20th Maine Infantry. [8], In the Philippines, the 103rd Infantry Regiment landed on the island of Luzon on 9 January 1945 and was one of the leading elements during the Battle of Luzon. Additional Union reinforcements came from Maj. Gens. With all the confusion and noise on Little Round Top that day, if anything other than bayonet had been said it probably would not have mattered, anyway. The Castine Light Infantry marched cross-country to Bucksport, a Penobscot River port, and boarded the steamer Memnon Sanford on April 27. On July 20, outside of Centreville, the 2nd received yet another flag, this one paid for by Mainers living in San Francisco. Spear literally controlled half the regiment during the climactic counterattack. Keyes brigade included the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Connecticut infantry regiments. Strategically, Little Round Top held the key to the developing battle. The battle later lost, Keyes brought off his four regiments. He sympathized with the mutineers and wrote to Maine Governor Abner Coburn, asking that he write to the men personally about the mix-up in three-year versus two-year contracts they had signed. [4], Numbered the second, this was in fact the first regiment to leave the state for the front. Geary was ordered to rejoin the rest of his XII Corps at Culps Hill after elements of Sickles III Corps took his place. They were sent back to the front to mount a surprise attack against the Japanese Shimbu Line. This is most convincing evidence of the trying service to which they were subjected. He was given command of the newly formed 20th Maine, a unit comprised of extra men left over from other new regiments. "Music transcends the bounds of time, distance, language, and culture to bring people together," Gov. a beautiful set of colors, made of silk, surmounted by the emblematic eagle in gold, with heavy gold tassels. After the few appropriate remarks by Colonel Jameson, the regiment began its march to the railroad depot. 6, called the Tigers and No. As he arrived on Little Round Top, Colonel Vincent chose a line of defense that started on the west slope of the hill. and that Chamberlain himself was abreast of the colors. Others who merited more credit than they received were Gouverneur Warren, who conducted one of the best reconnoitering jobs of the war, and Strong Vincent, who unhesitatingly put his brigade on Little Round Top and rallied that brigade under intense fire until he fell mortally wounded. Throughout late April and early May, the companies came together in Bangor. Some of the recruits had limited military experience already, being part of Maines antebellum militia. Elected colonel of the regiment, Jamesons commission was dated May 2, 1861. By late April 19, the muster roll contained 80 signatures (enough for a company), and Governor Washburn ordered Emerson to rendezvous the troops, the state will pay.[4]. When the survivors returned to Maine in 1863, the same crowds that had sent them off to war welcomed them home. Measles had swept through the 1st Maine, delaying its departure from Maine, and allowing the 2nd to take up the mantle of the first Pine Tree State soldiers to head for Virginia. The first recruits signed up April 18. Patriotic fervor rocketed through the Pine Tree State as the 2nd Maine Infantry Regiment formed in mid-April 1861. [9], Raggedly marching in column, the regiment left Camp Washburn at 8 a.m., Tuesday, May 14 and tramped beneath a gray, rain-threatening sky along Essex Street. The local newspaper, the Bangor Daily Whig and Courier, wrote, It has been organized, clothed, equipped and prepared for movement with very great dispatch, considering all the circumstances. The paper concluded with pride, We doubt whether another regiment in Maine will or can be put in marching order in the same length of time.[7], On May 14, before the 2nd marched out, it received by the ladies of Bangor. It completed its organization and left the state May 14, 1861. [5] On 9 May 1945, they secured the Ipo Dam from the enemy, which controlled roughly 30% of Manila's water. Manage all your favorite fandoms in one place! Bufords forces fired first, temporarily halting Heths force and starting the Battle of Gettysburg. The Rev. Companies A, B, C, D and I belonged to Col. Jameson's old command, and were reorganized for service in this regiment. Israel Washburn, April 20, 1861. Battles of The soldiers arrived, like most Maine soldiers at the time, wearing uniforms that would soon lead to confusion: grey frock coats, pants, and fatigue caps, with heavy overcoats of the same material. They carried a mixture of muskets converted from old flintlocks and newer Springfield arsenal muskets. But in July 1862, sensing perhaps that the war was going to last a good deal longer than he had first believed, Chamberlain offered his services to the Union cause. [12] Ron Field, Rally Round the Flag: Uniforms of the Union Volunteers of 1861, The New England States (Atglen: Schiffler Publishing, 2015), 115-117. Later, when Sickles infantry did arrive, the controversial general moved his men, without orders, westward toward the Emmitsburg Road. Colonel Charles D. Jameson to State Adjutant General John L. Hodson, May 7, 1861. The 43rd Division made a westward advance against the Japanese airfield at Munda and covered the southern (coastal) flank of the drive. [1] Daniel White to Gov. The last commander was Col. George Varney. Commanded by Colonel Jameson, the regiment lost 47 killed and wounded. [3] Those soldiers who had enlisted for three years, rather than two, were transferred to the 20th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment under protest. Hood ordered these regiments, led by Colonel William C. Oates, to find the Union left, turn it and capture Round Top. But while in quarantine, the regiment was visited by Lt. Milton Cogswell, 8th U.S. Infantry, who was there to muster the 2nd into Federal service. Quartermaster Sergeant Luther H. Peirce became a wealthy Bangor lumber merchant and funded a monument to the 2nd Maine at Mount Hope Cemetery. Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. The 2nd, during its two years' term of service, saw much hard service and participated in eleven bloody and hard-fought battles, besides numerous skirmishes and scouting expeditions. It was not, Chamberlain noted, one of the states favorite fighting units No county claimed it; no city gave it a flag; and there was no send-off at the station. Bull Run August 30. By June 30 Lees forces, including those of corps commanders Lt. Gens. Col. Keyes, who commanded the brigade which included the 2nd Me., says in his official report of the battle: "The gallantry with which the 2nd regiment of Maine volunteers charged up the hill upon the enemy's artillery and infantry, was never in my opinion surpassed." The 16th Michigan took up a position on the right flank, and the 44th New York and 83rd Pennsylvania held the center. James Pete Longstreet and Ambrose P. Hill, were marching on the Chambersburg Road in southern Pennsylvania, while Lt. Gen. Richard S. Ewell was leading his corps westward from York. After Chamberlain returned to the regimental center, Melcher asked permission to retrieve his wounded from the front. In fact, Stuart would not return until July 2, a crucial error in judgment. The 2nd Maine was called up for active service on the border with Mexico in 1916. Fortunately for the men of the 2nd Maine, Chamberlain was born and grew up in Brewer, the twin city to Bangor across the Penobscot River where the 2nd Maine regiment was recruited. He not only had made the right command decisions but also had managed to survive when by all rights he should have been dead. The 2nd Maine Infantry Regiment (also known as the Second Maine Regiment, Second Maine Infantry, or The Bangor Regiment) was mustered in Bangor, Maine, for two years' service on May 28, 1861, and mustered out in the same place on June 9, 1863. The 103rd Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment of the United States Army that served in combat in the American Civil War, World War I, and World War II. Melcher was an inspiration to the tiring regiment as he sprang a full 10 paces to the front with his sword glittering in the sunlight. Joshua Chamberlain deserves much acclaim, but not to the exclusion of many others whom history has so far and so unfairly underrated. [4] Ephraim O. Jameson, The Jamesons in America, 1647-1900: Genealogical Records and Memoranda (Boston: The Rumford Press, 1901), 278-279; Ezra J. Warner, Generals in Blue: Lives of the Union Commanders (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1964), 250. Service. Pennsylvania native Brig. Hall, Eastern Maine and the Rebellion: Being an Account of the Principal Local Events in Eastern Maine During the War (Westminster, MD, 2008), 27, [3] James Mundy, Second To None: The Story of the 2d Maine Volunteers (Scarborough, ME, 1992), 39-40, [4] Stanley and Hall, Eastern Maine, 21-25, [5] Augustus C. Hamlin to John L. Hodsdon, April 18, 1861, MSA, [7] Ibid., 42; Stanley and Hall, Eastern Maine, 33, [9] Stanley and Hall, Eastern Maine, 41-42, 46-50, [10] Stanley and Hall, Eastern Maine, 51-53, [11] Col. Erasmus D. Keyes, The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, 128 vols.
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