what does post covid headache feel like

The United States have more than 80 million patients and survivors of COVID-19, which is the highest number in the world, and main healthcare organizations have aimed at giving a definition to the emerging issue. Parasocial relationships, or PSRs, are one-sided relationships formed when a person becomes emotionally attached to a media persona. Historical reports suggest that persistent, daily headache was also a major health problem after the Russian/Asiatic flu (18891892) [18], further corroborating the link between viral infections and NDPH. Learn more about coronavirus . Wondering what a COVID headache feels like? On top of all of this, Dr. Shah adds that if someone is dehydrated, this can also contribute to a headache. For some people with a genetic predisposition to headaches, COVID will lower the threshold and it stays low, which can cause someone to experience brain fog, migraines or tension headaches more often than they did before, Dr. Rajneesh says. What does a COVID headache feel like? PubMed COVID headaches are yet another reason to take precautions to protect yourself from the virus, including getting vaccinated and boosted. Cephalalgia 40(13):14101421, Trigo J, Garca-Azorn D, Planchuelo-Gmez , Martnez-Pas E, Talavera B, Hernndez-Prez I, Valle-Peacoba G, Simn-Campo P, de Lera M, Chavarra-Miranda A, Lpez-Sanz C, Gutirrez-Snchez M, Martnez-Velasco E, Pedraza M, Sierra , Gmez-Vicente B, Arenillas JF, Guerrero L (2020) Factors associated with the presence of headache in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and impact on prognosis: a retrospective cohort study. Studies have been conducted mainly in adult subjects, therefore the evidence of long COVID in children is very limited [9, 10]. Here's why your head may be throbbing and how to get some. Headache 60(10):21762191, Gonzalez-Martinez A, Fanjul V, Ramos C, Serrano Ballesteros J, Bustamante M, Villa Mart A, lvarez C, Garca Del lamo Y, Vivancos J, Gago-Veiga AB (2021) Headache during SARS-CoV-2 infection as an early symptom associated with a more benign course of disease: a case-control study. This is called long COVID or post COVID-19 syndrome. Then theres the potential neurological piece, since we know COVID-19 can attack our neurological system, plus headache in general is a neurological condition. Time to re-evaluate. Non-pharmacological treatment recommendations for post COVID-19 are mainly based on expert opinion. Available from(https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/coronavirus-disease-(covid-19)-post-covid-19-condition). PubMed Central At the moment, clinicaltrials.gov lists only one study, investigating the effect of sphenopalatine ganglion block with local anesthetics on long COVID headache (https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04636034). It can occur daily or almost daily for weeks, months, or years at a time. Headaches. In fact, Dr. Rajneesh says that headaches are becoming one of the symptoms that some people with long COVID experience. Headache 55(1):320, Krymchantowski AV, Silva-Nto RP, Jevoux C, Krymchantowski AG (2022) Indomethacin for refractory COVID or post-COVID headache: a retrospective study. Your privacy choices/Manage cookies we use in the preference centre. Focus on these lifestyle habits to help with a COVID-19 and long COVID headaches: If you have the most horrifying headache of your life, seek medical attention immediately because it could potentially signal something life-threatening like a brain bleed, says Dr. Most people report it to be a tension-type headache, with a band-like phenomenon, but it can also be a migraine-type headache that comes with nausea or light and sound sensitivity, explains Rachel Colman, M.D., board-certified neurologist and headache medicine specialist at Hartford Healthcare Ayer Neuroscience Institute in Connecticut. The same group published another casecontrol study including 88 patients, where serum levels of HMGB1, NLRP 3, IL-6, angiotensin II and ACE 2 were higher in patients with headache during COVID-19 [33]. Understand the possible symptoms and risk factors for post-COVID-19 syndrome. From headaches to moodiness, symptoms you should know. Experts say that the symptoms differ for everyone. Group therapies and peer-support programs, both in person and virtual, provide further social, emotional, and informational assistance for the affected individuals [74, 75]. The condition is exactly what it sounds like: A headache brought on by frequent use of a medicine in a short span of time. WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Report. There is a growing interest in long COVID headache. These should include your brain fog and other neurologic symptoms (such as weakness, numbness, tingling, loss of smell or taste), and also problems such as shortness of breath, palpitations, and abnormal urine or stool. There are other reasons COVID can lead to headaches too. Long COVID is a broad disorder where multi-disciplinary management is key for the adequate treatment of patients. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. Cephalalgia 40(13):14061409, Dono F, Consoli S, Evangelista G, DApolito M, Russo M, Carrarini C et al (2021) New daily persistent headache after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a report of two cases. Fatigue Night sweats Scratchy throat Dry cough Mild muscle aches Loss of smell and taste is said to be less common with an Omicron infection. Earlier in the pandemic we were seeing headaches frequently in patients who had lost their sense of smell and taste, but with Omicron, we are now seeing headaches even without loss of senses, and they often occur both during and after the infection period, says Thomas Gut, D.O., director of the Post-COVID Recovery Center at Staten Island University Hospital, part of Northwell Health in New York. Usually, we see the headache symptoms go away after a few months., Spoiler alert: Theres no magic fix. Acta Neurol Belg 122(2):465469, The International Classification of Headache Disorders (2013) 3rd edition (beta version). A survey study published in the Journal of Headache and Pain (Oct. 2020) reported that a COVID-19 headache may feel like pulsing, pressing, or stabbing pain, which is moderate to severe in nature. Bolay H, Gl A, Baykan B (2020) COVID-19 is a real headache! J Headache Pain 23, 93 (2022). Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 279(4):H1571H1578, Chippa V, Aleem A, Anjum F (2022) Post acute coronavirus (COVID-19) syndrome. How long headaches last during long COVID is even murkier, with the symptom presenting for days, weeks or months. Symptoms to watch for Generally speaking, vaccinated people who contract COVID-19 and develop symptoms are prone to the same ones that an unvaccinated person might experience. Ibuprofen and acetaminophen can help relieve COVID-19 headaches. It's Not Always Easy tel Tell, But Here's How Doctors Recommend Figuring It Out. The National Institutes of Health's definition of "mild" Covid-19 includes symptoms that people are all too familiar with these days, like fever, cough, sore throat, and fatigue. But long-term COVID-19 in children is a possibility, showing up as fatigue, headaches, difficulty with school work, mood concerns, shortness of breath and other long-hauler symptoms. Symptoms of Post-COVID Headache "Most of the time, post-COVID headaches are described as migraine-like headaches," says Dr. Chiang. Google Scholar. ; Day 1 is the first full day of isolation. Take over-the-counter pain medications such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen to help with pain during the acute infection period. Claudio Tana. find out how to tell the difference between cold versus COVID symptoms. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Figure 1 summarizes the main mechanisms which could be involved in the long COVID headache pathophysiology. If an over-the-counter medication doesn't offer the relief you typically see, take that as a sign. Actual prevalence of a NDPH-like or chronic daily headache after the onset of COVID-19 has not been yet reported [20]. Here, we adopt the term long COVID in recognition of the patient-researchers who first described the entity in spring of 2020 [5]. In that sample, prior history of migraine was also associated with post-COVID headache (OR: 2.90; 95% CI: 1.415.98) [25, 26]. Acute headache attributed to a systemic viral infection may be related with a significant systemic immune response [11]. These headaches usually last for 1 to 2 weeks. Headache is one of the earliest and most common symptoms during the acute phase of COVID-19; characteristically it appears as oppressive pain in the upper/frontal part of the head and affects between 14 and 60% of patients during the acute COVID-19 phase [13, 14]. Ann Med 49(2):93105, Mitsikostas DD, Ashina M, Craven A, Diener HC, Goadsby PJ, Ferrari MD, Lampl C, Paemeleire K, Pascual J, Siva A, Olesen J, Osipova V, Martelletti P, EHF committee (2015) European Headache Federation consensus on technical investigation for primary headache disorders. It may also include other symptoms such as tearing, reddening of the eye, a drooping eyelid, and a stuffy nose. Google Scholar, Sampaio Rocha-Filho PA, Voss L (2020) Persistent headache and persistent anosmia associated with COVID-19. Planchuelo-Gmez , Trigo J, de Luis-Garca R, Guerrero L, Porta-Etessam J, Garca-Azorn D(2020) Deep Phenotyping of Headache in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients via Principal Component Analysis. Neurol Sci 42(5):16651673, Bolay H, Karadas , Oztrk B, Sonkaya R, Tasdelen B, Bulut TDS, Glbahar , zge A, Baykan B (2021) HMGB1, NLRP3, IL-6 and ACE2 levels are elevated in COVID-19 with headache: a window to the infection-related headache mechanism. Recommended physiotherapeutic exercises comprise both aerobic and strength training, but also training in breathing and relaxation techniques [68]. Chronic headaches can also make brain fog feel worse. What Does A Post-COVID Headache Feel Like? Long COVID headache can present in the form of worsening of a preexisting primary headache, or, more specifically, in the form of a new (intermittent or daily) headache starting during the acute infection or after a delay. What does a migraine headache feel like compared to a tension headache? Published 23 Sept 2022, 20:30 BST As a survivor of a traumatic brain injury that happened a little more than a decade ago, Heather Schroeder is no stranger to headaches. Long COVID headache is more prevalent in middle-aged women and it is characterized by a moderate to severe intensity headache which can be accompanied by concomitant long COVID symptoms such as fatigue, cognitive dysfunction and dizziness, as well as hyposmia and insomnia or other sleep impairments [25, 30]. In a meta-analysis which evaluated 35 studies up to May 2021, accounting for 28,348 COVID-19 survivors, the prevalence of post-COVID headache was higher in patients that were managed in an outpatient setting during the acute phase, but not at 30, 60 or 90 days []. Moreover, potential therapeutic profiles, based on the previous medical history, post COVID-19 symptoms, and refractoriness to treatment would greatly optimize the pharmacological treatment of long COVID headache. After all, she. Headache is a potential symptom of COVID-19 and can also occur after getting vaccinated. The authors declare no conflict of interest. Center of Excellence On Headache, Geriatrics and COVID-19 Clinic, SS Annunziata Hospital of Chieti, 66100, Chieti, Italy, Internal Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Sant Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy, Department of Neurology, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea, Headache and Neuropathic Pain Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, Headache Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clnico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain, Headache Group, Wolfson Center for Age Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK, Alejandro Labastida-Ramirez&Elosa Rubio Beltrn, Departement of Applied Clinical Sciences and Biotechnology, University of LAquila, LAquila, Italy, Department of Neurology, Charit Universittsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, Department of Neurology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany, German Migraine and Headache Society, Frankfurt, Germany, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, You can also search for this author in A Cross-Sectional Study. Long COVID is a new condition which is still being studied. Dec 22, 2022 Fever or chills, shortness of breath, and loss of taste or smell are hallmark symptoms of COVID and telltale signs that it's a good idea to take a rapid test and self-isolate. But the latest variants have brought . In addition, both NDPH and COVID-19 associated headache can manifest with migrainous or TTH-like phenotypes [25, 77]. Many IV drips start at $150 and can go up to $1,000. .css-lwn4i5{display:block;font-family:Neutra,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-weight:bold;letter-spacing:-0.01rem;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;text-align:center;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-lwn4i5:hover{color:link-hover;}}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-lwn4i5{font-size:1.375rem;line-height:1.1;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-lwn4i5{font-size:1.375rem;line-height:1.1;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-lwn4i5{font-size:1.375rem;line-height:1.1;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-lwn4i5{font-size:1.375rem;line-height:1.1;}}12 Memory Recall Tips That Actually Work, How Doomscrolling Can Wreak Havoc on Your Health, 20 Scientifically Proven Ways to to Relieve Stress, The Best Body-Positive Quotes From Celebs, The Reason Why You Buy Things When You're Drunk. She says that applying a warm or cold compress to your neck for about 15 or 20 minutes can also help alleviate symptoms. Symptoms People with Long COVID may experience many symptoms. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Headache associated to long COVID usually has tension-type features; however, one quarter of cases have migraine-like features [30, 48]. The red flags usually adopted for the diagnosis of secondary headaches should be considered to reveal possible cerebrovascular complications from COVID-19 or other secondary headaches, such as from ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke [52]. J Headache Pain 21(1):121, Garcia-Azorin D, Layos-Romero A, Porta-Etessam J, Membrilla JA, Caronna E, Gonzalez-Martinez A, Mencia S, Segura T, Gonzalez-Garca N, Daz-de-Tern J, Gallardo VJ, Gago-Veiga AB, Ballv A, Trigo Lpez J, Sastre-Real M, Llaurad A, Cornejo A, de Lorenzo , Guerrero-Peral , Pozo-Rosich P (2022) Post-COVID-19 persistent headache: a multicentric 9-months follow-up study of 905 patients. "The headache can present like a migraine attack." People with post-COVID headache typically experience a throbbing pain on one side of their head. Headache symptoms are very prevalent in the general population and might not be necessarily related to COVID-19 infection. She has also written for Chowhound, HealthiNation.com, Huffington Post and more. Patient education should be directed towards a healthy balanced diet, a regular sleepwake rhythm, and regular physical exercise [67]. Third, headache often comes as part of the long COVID syndrome, with additional symptoms like fatigue, insomnia, and depression [69]. Lancet Respir Med 9(11):13281341, Crook H, Raza S, Nowell J, Young M, Edison P (2021) Long covid-mechanisms, risk factors, and management. August 22, 2022 Ol'ga Efimova / EyeEm There's nothing quite like a throbbing headache to make an already-awful illness feel worse. Open Forum Infect Dis 7(7):ofaa271, Aiyegbusi OL, Hughes SE, Turner G, Rivera SC, McMullan C, Chandan JS, Haroon S, Price G, Davies EH, Nirantharakumar K, Sapey E, Calvert MJ, TLC Study Group (2021) Symptoms, complications and management of long COVID: a review. And after his dramatic resignation, Lord Goldsmith has spoken out . PubMed Triptans have been considered as acute therapeutic options [55]. Headache 60(7):14221426, Aparisi , Ybarra-Falcn C, Iglesias-Echeverra C, Garca-Gmez M, Marcos-Mangas M, Valle-Peacoba G, Carrasco-Moraleja M, Fernndez-de-Las-Peas C, Guerrero L, Garca-Azorn D (2022) Cardio-pulmonary dysfunction evaluation in patients with persistent Post-COVID-19 headache. A Visual Overview of Bronchitis . The International Classification of Headache disorders uses a headache duration of>3months after the acute infection for the diagnosis of Chronic headache attributed to systemic viral infection [11] but it must be considered that using a 3months time frame may lead to delay of necessary treatment. Figure 2 shows a proposed algorithm for the diagnosis of long COVID headache. Some people can experience headaches for longer periods of time, especially if they develop long COVID. Dr. Shafqat says a COVID-19 headache may also feel like or be accompanied by: There could be a few things at play. Depending on the severity, fatigue symptoms can range from . Doctors Share the Pros and Cons, Here's What You Can Expect COVID Symptoms to Look Like Day by Dayand Why Days 5 through 10 Are the Most Important, Do You Have COVID or the Flu? Springer Nature. He explains that some infections, like COVID, can lower the threshold, unlocking an otherwise masked genetic predisposition to headaches. PubMed Central Dr. Amy Shah, MD,double-board certified doctor and author of the upcoming book Im So Effing Hungry, Dr. Kiran Rajneesh, MD, pain medicine specialist and a clinical associate professor of neurology at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 6 Highest Paying Jobs in Singapore and Why. The International Headache Congress - IHS and EHF joint congress 2021: Virtual. Exceeding daily dosage recommendations may trigger a rebound headache. Cephalalgia 38(1):1211, Article Clin Neuropharmacol 42(1):13, Article A limited number of cross-sectional studies have revealed that the topography of the headache is predominantly bilateral with frontal or periocular predominance and oppressive quality [25, 30]. March 23, 2021 Leer en espaol In the fall, after Samar Khan came down with a mild case of Covid-19, she expected to recover and return to her previous energetic life in Chicago. BMJ Open 7(8):e016670, Kingstone T, Taylor AK, ODonnell CA, Atherton H, Blane DN, Chew-Graham CA (2020) Finding the right GP: a qualitative study of the experiences of people with long-COVID. Dr. Rajneesh says something else that differentiates COVID headaches from other types of headaches is the other symptoms its often accompanied with, such as fever and runny nose, which arent typically associated with migraines or a tension headache. CAS When you're in a parasocial relationship with a pop star or YouTube personality, you feel as though the person could almost be your friend. Int J Environ Res Public Health 19(7):3961, Douaud G, Lee S, Alfaro-Almagro F, Arthofer C, Wang C, McCarthy P, Lange F, Andersson JLR, Griffanti L, Duff E, Jbabdi S, Taschler B, Keating P, Winkler AM, Collins R, Matthews PM, Allen N, Miller KL, Nichols TE, Smith SM (2022) SARS-CoV-2 is associated with changes in brain structure in UK Biobank. It occurs bilaterally across the entire head, as opposed to a migraine, which is unilateral, she says. The presence of headache during the acute phase has been associated with a better prognosis, including lower mortality, lower duration of the acute phase and a lower need for intensive care unit admission [29,30,31]. Front Neurol 11:583870. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.583870. Sci Rep 11(1):16144, Prakash S, Shah ND (2010) Post-infectious new daily persistent headache may respond to intravenous methylprednisolone. It can manifest with a migrainous or, more frequently, with a tension-type-like phenotype. Alyssa Jung. Besides gray matter and connectivity changes, white matter changes have been reported in COVID-19 survivors, compared with healthy controls, with higher axial diffusivity in corona radiata, and internal and external capsules [39, 40], suggesting some degree of white matter axonal alterations, which could be involved in the persistence of headache, however, the specificity of these changes in regards to headache is still to be ascertained. Headache, fatigue and cold-like symptoms such as runny nose were the most commonly reported Omicron symptoms, says one recent study in the journal The BMJ, while another in The Journal of. Most people with COVID-19 feel better within a few days or weeks of their first symptoms and make a full recovery within 12 weeks. J Headache Pain 14(1):9, Tana C, Giamberardino MA, Cipollone F (2017) microRNA profiling in atherosclerosis, diabetes, and migraine. reported two female patients (one with history of migraine), that were effectively treated with triptans [46]. Google Scholar, Gelfand AA, Reider AC, Goadsby PJ (2014) Outcomes of greater occipital nerve injections in pediatric patients with chronic primary headache disorders. Gut says. People with Long COVID can have a wide range of symptoms that can last weeks, months, or even years after infection. Resting-state functional connectivity has been compared between COVID-19 survivors and healthy controls, observing weakened functional connections between the cingulate, hippocampal gyri, parietal, temporal and frontal gyri and strengthened functional connectivity with occipital regions [39]. Regular follow-up consultations and the establishment of an empathic, understanding therapeutic relationship might also contribute to a general symptom improvement in all patients and especially in the long COVID population [71,72,73]. From choosing baby's name to helping a teenager choose a college, you'll make . Google Scholar, Martelletti P, Bentivegna E, Spuntarelli V, Luciani M (2021) Long-COVID headache. Related: Do You Have COVID or the Flu? The theory is that once the virus has gone up through the nose to the olfactory bulb (which affects our senses), it can attack nerves that contribute to pain in the head and impact blood vessels in the brain, says Dr. Colman. Stay up-to-date on COVID-19 vaccinations. Front Cardiovasc Med 7:585866, Tana C, Ricci F, Coppola MG, Mantini C, Lauretani F, Campanozzi D, Renda G, Gallina S, Lugar M, Cipollone F, Giamberardino MA, Mucci L (2022) Prognostic significance of chest imaging by LUS and CT in COVID-19 inpatients: The ECOVID Multicenter Study. The frequency of long COVID headache seems to be similar in patients with severe and non-severe forms of COVID-19 disease. This may be relevant, because in some cases, the selected treatment may also be beneficial for these (e.g., amitriptyline), while in other cases, patients may need specific treatment and/or evaluation for their comorbidities. Sleep problems. Dont skip meals. Cephalagia 42(8):804809, Fernndez-de-Las-Peas C, Gmez-Mayordomo V, Cuadrado ML, Palacios-Cea D, Florencio LL, Guerrero AL, Garca-Azorn D, Hernndez-Barrera V, Arendt-Nielsen L (2021) The presence of headache at onset in SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with long-term post-COVID headache and fatigue: a case-control study. A second comprehensive evaluation, including MRI, was done 38months in mean after the first one. Ditto with caffeine use with the medications. At the beginning of COVID they were saying not to take certain pain relievers, but thats old news, so take what helps your headache and/or your other symptoms, says Dr. Shafqat. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 48(10):31873197, Guedj E, Campion JY, Dudouet P, Kaphan E, Bregeon F, Tissot-Dupont H, Guis S, Barthelemy F, Habert P, Ceccaldi M, Million M, Raoult D, Cammilleri S, Eldin C (2021) 18F-FDG brain PET hypometabolism in patients with long COVID. In the absence of a previous history of headache disorders, the new onset of headaches should be differentiated from other primary and secondary headache disorders. It's Not Always Easy tel Tell, But Here's How Doctors Recommend Figuring It Out. Eur J Neurol 27(3):536541, Tana C, Tafuri E, Tana M, Martelletti P, Negro A, Affaitati G, Fabrizio A, Costantini R, Mezzetti A, Giamberardino MA (2013) New insights into the cardiovascular risk of migraine and the role of white matter hyperintensities: is gold all that glitters? If you try all of this and your headache still wont go away, she says to reach out to your healthcare provider who may be able to give you a prescription medication. This doesnt mean that every time you get a headache you should worry that youve been infected with the virus. Some neurological manifestations of long COVID may be associated with structural and functional brain changes. So a direct invasion there is one theory for why people have COVID-related headaches.. COPD Myths and Facts . 7 Warning Signs of COPD . Fever or chills, shortness of breath, and loss of taste or smell are hallmark symptoms of COVID and telltale signs that its a good idea to take a rapid test and self-isolate. It often presents together with other long COVID symptoms, most frequently with hyposmia. Ther Adv Infect Dis 8:20499361211009384, CAS The availability of neuropsychological and MRI information allowed the comparison between patients that tested positive for COVID-19 (n=401) and participants that remained COVID-19 free (n=384). As there are virtually no treatment studies, treatment currently is largely guided by the existing guidelines for primary headaches with the corresponding phenotype. Cephalalgia 41(13):13321341, Fernndez-de-Las-Peas C, Gmez-Mayordomo V, Garca-Azorn D, Palacios-Cea D, Florencio LL, Guerrero AL, Hernndez-Barrera V, Cuadrado ML (2021) Previous history of migraine is associated with fatigue, but not headache, as long-term post-COVID symptom after severe acute respiratory SARS-CoV-2 infection: a Case-Control Study. In mild cases of COVID-19, headaches will usually resolve within a few days. Interestingly, COVID-19 infection might generate headache episodes clinically indistinguishable from migraines even in subjects who do not suffer from migraine [30]. A longitudinal project that was studying brain structure and cognitive function over time in 785 participants prior to the pandemic onset was used to assess COVID-19 effects. The. Caronna et al. VCU Health News spoke with OB-GYN, Amanda Ritter, M.D., to learn more about the lingering effects of COVID-19 and long COVID on pregnant individuals. Alyssa is a senior editor for the Hearst Health Newsroom, where she has written research-backed health content for Prevention, Good Housekeeping and Woman's Day since 2017.
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